Analyzing the Demand to Lower the Drinking Age to 18

Analyzing the Push to Lower the Drinking Age to 18 Introduction According to Andrew Mark Lisa in the preface to his online petition to see the national drinking age limit lowered, it is not only young people but also colleges across America who are interested in promoting legislation that will lower the drinking age. Lisa references a Time magazine article, which quotes Dartmouth College President James Wright as stating that a lowered age limit would help prevent alcohol abuse because campuses would be better enabled to monitor drinking activities which could be conducted on the level rather than underground (where students do their drinking in private and without regulation). After all, in the 1970s a number of states actually lowered the drinking age for a few years until the Federal government stepped in and threatened to deny the states federal money for highways and the drinking age was once again placed at 21. This paper will show why there is still a push to lower the drinking age to 18, and why some people promote it and why others oppos e it. Drinking and MADD The push to engage people in the debate concerning the lowering of the drinking age has even been noted recently on such cable news networks as CNN. CNN reported that the presidents of about 100 colleges and universities say current alcohol laws may actually encourage binge drinking on campuses (Should U.S. Lower Drinking Age?). It seems the only opposition, according to CNN, comes fromShow MoreRelatedMicroeconomics Essay- Suppose the Government Raises the Legal Drinking Age in the Uk from 18 to 21. Conduct an Economic Analysis of This Policy to Examine Its Impact on Affected Markets.1260 Words   |  6 PagesSuppose the government raises the legal drinking age in the UK from 18 to 21. Conduct an economic analysis of this policy to examine its impact on affected markets. With reference to the above statement, if the UK government were to increase the legal drinking age from 18 to 21 there are two markets that would mainly be affected- the producers, which is the alcohol industry as a whole and the consumers who are the UK citizens between the age of 18 and 21. A market is a group of buyers and sellersRead MoreThe Bethesda Jazz Club1776 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The following paper will provide an overview of the current business environment of the BBJSC. Furthermore a five year business strategy will be outlined, focusing on a possible UK entry by analyzing the UK business environment and the applicability of the current business model. The BBJSC is located in Maryland, close to Washington DC and is well known in the area as an upper class evening entertainment location. It is housed in a completely renovated building that is surrounded byRead MoreThe Impact of Alcohol Abuse on Finance and Economy1737 Words   |  7 Pagesof both people who abuse alcohol and people suffered by them cannot be estimated in any authentic way, and are therefore not considered in most case studies. Elements of economics ways of thinking In this paragraph, we would present a model for analyzing and addressing the problem of alcohol abuse by taking the assumptions of ceteris paribus (other factors remains unchanged) We would take the assumption that if we increase the price of alcohol, the purchasing of alcohol would decrease, ceterisRead More Alcohol Consumption Essay2409 Words   |  10 Pagesforecast into the future of American public health somewhat similar to the obesity epidemic. Obesity and alcohol consumption act as a comparison between two similar, yet contradictory issues, much like public health and public health law. High-risk drinking results in many consequences for public health and unlike obesity and soda tax, a multitude of systematic literature reviews conducted by highly-regarded scholars and published by credible organizations or peer-reviewed journals prove taxes thatRead MoreMarketing and Distribution of Packaged Drinking Water Industry7022 Words   |  29 PagesMarketing Distribution of Packaged Drinking Water Submitted by Asif Muhammed Praveen Kumar Pritha Sarkar F162 F192 F222 Marketing Distribution of Packaged Drinking Water We would like to express our gratitude to Ms. Garima Gupta who guided us throughout the execution of this project and who always provided us with his valuable insights on how to do a marketing research project both inside and outside the classroom. We would also like to thank the consumers who took time out to fill up ourRead MoreFood, Population and Environmental Problems: Brazil Essay3584 Words   |  15 Pagesexternalities, including the empowerment of its women. Brazilian women are becoming increasingly educated and more prominent in the workplace. For example, there were 2.5 million women in the labor force in 1950. Thirty years later, there were over 18 million working women in Brazil (Smith, 229). This empowerment has major implications on one’s choice to reproduce, due to the new career opportunities available as a result of better education (Lecture, 4/22/2010). There thus becomes a higher opportunityRead MoreJuhayna Marketing Analysis4131 Words   |  17 Page sObjective†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....16 Research Type†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦16 Sampling Method †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..16 Data Analysis Methods †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.16 Findings†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...17 7- Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...18 8- Appendices Appendix A (Questionnaire) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦19 Appendix B (Survey result statistics) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...23 1. Executive Summary This paper is a study of the marketing strategies, techniques and orientations of JUHAYNA CO. inRead MoreThe Effects of MTV on American Culture Essay3119 Words   |  13 Pagesreality show genre. The reality genre has mass appeal. Because of this, MTV started to create more reality-based shows. As more reality shows were created, the MTV network made the executive decision to create another network channel to further the demands of viewers. So, they created M2, formally known today as MTV2. As MTV started adding reality shows, the air-time for music videos began to decrease incrementally. The original purpose for M2 was to broadcast the most recent music videos of theRead MorePersonal Marketing Management : Budweiser Busch2553 Words   |  11 Pagesthe multinational corporation Anheuser-Busch InBev. The brew was introduced in 1876 by Carl Conrad Co. of St. Louis, Missouri. (Budweiser, 2017) Budweiser’s founder was a German immigrant, Adolphus Busch, who relocated to America in 1857, at the age of eighteen. In the early 1870s, Adolphus Busch became the first American brewer to use pasteurization, increasing the shelf life of bottled beer up to four months allowing it to be shipped long distances without spoiling. He later invested in theRead MoreBrand Preference of Gym Enthusiasts on Energy Drink Products14209 Words   |  57 Pagesof the people are all busy in working to support all the needs and wants of their family. So the energy drink product could be v ery helpful for them to give them energy especially if they are so tired. But the question is how many times are they drinking energy drink? Does it affect their attitude or their behaviour? We can also conclude that some of them are being addicted with the product or not. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM This research entitled â€Å"Brand Preference of Gym Enthusiasts on Energy Drink

Analysis Of The Play A Raisin Of The Sun - 1343 Words

In the play, A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry, money plays an essential role in character development. The play is set in the South Side of Chicago in the late 1950s. Raisin follows the lives of a poor, urban, African-American family, the Youngers, during this period of heightened racial tension in the United States. The story begins after the death of the patriarch of the family, Mr. Younger. With his death comes a $10,000 check representing the proceeds of his life insurance policy. Since the remaining Younger family members hold differing views about the role of money, their household is nearly torn apart from conflict over what to do with the $10,000 windfall. Specifically, Mama, her adult son Walter, and her 20-year-old daughter Beneatha, have singular agendas about how best to spend that check. Each of these characters initially allows that money to psychologically entrap them, with ruinous potential consequences. Ultimately, it is only by removing money’s pow er to control them, that these family members are liberated from detrimental mindsets and able to constructively transform themselves. Lena Younger, also known as Mama, and the eldest member of the Younger family, is a dominant figure in her multigenerational household. At the beginning of the play, Mama serves as the head of the household even though as a traditionalist, she believes the eldest adult male should act in this capacity. Mama for most of the play, appears reluctant to trust her adult sonShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Play A Raisin Of The Sun 896 Words   |  4 PagesThe play A Raisin in the Sun is a drama that was written by Lorraine Hansberry, who loosely based it off of her own family. It’s about an African American family made up of five people that each have their own individual dreams. Dreams is the main theme of this play. The main character to be focused on though is Walter. His dream is able to show how oppression of a dream or a deferred dream can tear a person down until Walter is able to change and not have a dream that is self-centered. The playRead MoreAnalysis of Plays, Fences and A Raisin in the Sun Essay2025 Words   |  9 PagesJose Morales English 164 Dr. Kidd 08/03/2012 â€Å"Fences† and â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† Plays, â€Å"Fences† and â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† share similar plots. They take place in the mid-western United States in the 1950’s and explore the family dynamics of the African-American Family and the paradigmatic shift it experienced between two generations. The older generation, who could remember slavery by first-hand experience or by being born during a time when success for the average African-Americans wasRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Walter Younger From The Classic Play A Raisin Of The Sun 1108 Words   |  5 PagesIn the majority of households, the man is always looked at as the head of the house. However, not every man can handle this position. Walter Younger from the classic play, A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry, finds it very difficult to rise up as the man he’s supposed to be. The story shares the life of a family living in Chicago in a small apartment. It highlights mainly the financial issues the family faces which puts Walter in a bind. He faces obstacles and his actions determines his manhoodRead More Analysis of A Raisin in the Sun Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesA Raisin in the Sun Analysis Upon walking out of Krannerts production of A Raisin in the Sun, an eerie silence drizzled about the audience as people murmured and slowly shuffled towards the exits. After witnessing such a powerful yet melancholy piece of theater work, words seemed inappropriate. For three hours, A Raisin in the Sun encompassed us with racial, economic, and social issues of the 1950s. Swirling portions of humor, disgrace, pride, and sadness into a smooth blend, the play developedRead MoreThe Last Critic That Will Be Evaluated844 Words   |  4 Pagescritical analysis is titled A Raisin in the Sun: Anniversary of an American Classic. Wilkerson’s critical analysis discusses the â€Å"various social, historical, and artistic factors that have contributed to the play’s contemporary relevance and popularity, with particular focus on script revisions.† (Wilkerson 442) Wilkerson states that critics claimed that plays about the Black experience were seen as unattractive and of tempo rary or limited appeal to the theatre audiences. A Raisin in the Sun was differentRead MoreInitial Expectation And Purposes Of Theatre845 Words   |  4 PagesTheatre â€Å"Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun (1959) probes the racially charged politics of home ownership in post–World War II Southside Chicago† (Matthews). Before going to see this performance, I made a quick research about this play and that research formed an initial view about this performance. I have read about the play in general, a short synopsis a historical and influences upon American society and theatre. Lorraine Hansberry’s â€Å"A raisin in the Sun† is a play that tells the story of a blackRead MoreA Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry Essay1343 Words   |  6 PagesA Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry is a play that displays housing discrimination in Chicago during the 1950s. Housing discrimination was partially an effect of the Great Migration. This was an event during the 1950s that resulted in about six million African Americans â€Å"migrating† from the south to the north, Midwest, and west regions of the Unite d States. This caused the population of black people in major northern cities to increase rapidly. They are then only able to live in certain neighborhoodsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Harlem 1303 Words   |  6 Pagesbody’s rest. Because it does happen mainly during the rapid-eye movement, or REM, stage of sleep, when brain activity is high and most resembles that of being awake, dreams can be ferociously active and wildly vivid; often leaving them open to intense analysis and interpretation. Thematically, a dream can also act as a physical representation of â€Å"crossing boundaries.† As one wakes from a dream state to an awoken state, they have crossed a border from an unconscious to conscious state. Hughes’ poem canRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Beneatha In A Raisin In The Sun1487 Words   |  6 PagesCharacter Analysis â€Å" A Raisin in the Sun† is a play written by Lorraine Hansberry about the life of an African American family during the era of segregation. The play starts off with the Younger family receiving a 10,000 dollar check from Mr. Younger’s insurance policy. The family argues over what they are going to do with it. Mama wants to buy a house with it, Walter wants to invest in a liquor store, and Beneatha wants to use the money to go to medical school. The contrast of the characters’ personalitiesRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Lorraine Hansberry s A Raisin990 Words   |  4 PagesCharacter Analysis: A Raisin in the Sun The play A Raisin In the Sun, by Lorraine Hansberry is a classic, revolutionary play written in the times of segregation and discrimination of skin tones. Throughout the story, the Youngers display how they are just like an ordinary family; everybody has their own special personality. This caused many conflicts when it was time to decide what to do with the check coming in the mail for ten thousand dollars. Walter Lee Younger, the son and oldest child of mama

Deception Point Page 34 Free Essays

Tolland looked only partially comforted, his relief apparently clouded by a deeper mystery. â€Å"I can’t be for sure without a microscope,† Tolland said, â€Å"but it looks to me like this is a bioluminescent plankton from the phylum Pyrrophyta. Its name means fire plant. We will write a custom essay sample on Deception Point Page 34 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Arctic Ocean is filled with it.† Corky shrugged. â€Å"So why’d you ask if they were from space?† â€Å"Because,† Tolland said, â€Å"the meteorite was buried in glacial ice-fresh water from snowfalls. The water in that hole is glacial melt and has been frozen for three centuries. How could ocean creatures get in there?† Tolland’s point brought a long silence. Rachel stood at the edge of the pool and tried to get her mind around what she was looking at. Bioluminescent plankton in the extraction shaft. What does it mean? â€Å"There’s got to be a crack somewhere down there,† Tolland said. â€Å"It’s the only explanation. The plankton must have entered the shaft through a fissure in the ice that allowed ocean water to seep in.† Rachel didn’t understand. â€Å"Seep in? From where?† She recalled her long IceRover ride in from the ocean. â€Å"The coast is a good two miles from here.† Both Corky and Tolland gave Rachel an odd look. â€Å"Actually,† Corky said, â€Å"the ocean is directly underneath us. This slab of ice is floating.† Rachel stared at the two men, feeling utterly perplexed. â€Å"Floating? But†¦ we’re on a glacier.† â€Å"Yes, we’re on a glacier,† Tolland said, â€Å"but we’re not over land. Glaciers sometimes flow off a landmass and fan out over water. Because ice is lighter than water, the glacier simply continues to flow, floating out over the ocean like an enormous ice raft. That’s the definition of an ice shelf†¦ the floating section of a glacier.† He paused. â€Å"We’re actually almost a mile out to sea at the moment.† Shocked, Rachel instantly became wary. As she adjusted her mental picture of her surroundings, the thought of standing over the Arctic Ocean brought with it a sense of fear. Tolland seemed to sense her uneasiness. He stamped his foot reassuringly on the ice. â€Å"Don’t worry. This ice is three hundred feet thick, with two hundred of those feet floating below the water like an ice cube in a glass. Makes the shelf very stable. You could build a skyscraper on this thing.† Rachel gave a wan nod, not entirely convinced. The misgivings aside, she now understood Tolland’s theory about the origins of the plankton. He thinks there’s a crack that goes all the way down to the ocean, allowing plankton to come up through it into the hole. It was feasible, Rachel decided, and yet it involved a paradox that bothered her. Norah Mangor had been very clear about the integrity of the glacier, having drilled dozens of test cores to confirm its solidity. Rachel looked at Tolland. â€Å"I thought the glacier’s perfection was the cornerstone of all the strata-dating records. Didn’t Dr. Mangor say the glacier had no cracks or fissures?† Corky frowned. â€Å"Looks like the ice queen muffed it.† Don’t say that too loudly, Rachel thought, or you’ll get an ice pick in the back. Tolland stroked his chin as he watched the phosphorescing creatures. â€Å"There’s literally no other explanation. There must be a crack. The weight of the ice shelf on top of the ocean must be pushing plankton-rich sea-water up into the hole.† One hell of a crack, Rachel thought. If the ice here was three hundred feet thick and the hole was two hundred feet deep, then this hypothetical crack had to pass through a hundred feet of solid ice. Norah Mangor’s test cores showed no cracks. â€Å"Do me a favor,† Tolland said to Corky. â€Å"Go find Norah. Let’s hope to God she knows something about this glacier that she’s not telling us. And find Ming, too, maybe he can tell us what these little glow-beasties are.† Corky headed off. â€Å"Better hurry,† Tolland called after him, glancing back into the hole. â€Å"I could swear this bioluminescence is fading.† Rachel looked at the hole. Sure enough, the green was not so brilliant now. Tolland removed his parka and lay down on the ice next to the hole. Rachel watched, confused. â€Å"Mike?† â€Å"I want to find out if there’s any saltwater flowing in.† â€Å"By lying on the ice without a coat?† â€Å"Yup.† Tolland crawled on his belly to the edge of the hole. Holding one sleeve of the coat over the edge, he let the other sleeve dangle down the shaft until the cuff skimmed the water. â€Å"This is a highly accurate salinity test used by world-class oceanographers. It’s called ‘licking a wet jacket.'† Out on the ice shelf, Delta-One struggled with the controls, trying to keep the damaged microbot in flight over the group now assembled around the excavation pit. From the sounds of the conversation beneath, he knew things were unraveling fast. â€Å"Call the controller,† he said. â€Å"We’ve got a serious problem.† 40 Gabrielle Ashe had taken the White House public tour many times in her youth, secretly dreaming of someday working inside the presidential mansion and becoming part of the elite team that charted the country’s future. At the moment, however, she would have preferred to be anywhere else in the world. As the Secret Serviceman from the East Gate led Gabrielle into an ornate foyer, she wondered what in the world her anonymous informant was trying to prove. Inviting Gabrielle into the White House was insane. What if I’m seen? Gabrielle had become quite visible lately in the media as Senator Sexton’s right-hand aide. Certainly someone would recognize her. â€Å"Ms. Ashe?† Gabrielle looked up. A kind-faced sentry in the foyer gave her a welcoming smile. â€Å"Look over there, please.† He pointed. Gabrielle looked where he was pointing and was blinded by a flashbulb. â€Å"Thank you, ma’am.† The sentry led her to a desk and handed her a pen. â€Å"Please sign the entry log.† He pushed a heavy leather binder in front of her. Gabrielle looked at the log. The page before her was blank. She recalled hearing once that all White House visitors sign on their own blank page to preserve the privacy of their visit. She signed her name. So much for a secret meeting. Gabrielle walked through a metal detector, and was then given a cursory pat down. The sentry smiled. â€Å"Enjoy your visit, Ms. Ashe.† Gabrielle followed the Secret Serviceman fifty feet down a tiled hallway to a second security desk. Here, another sentry was assembling a guest pass that was just rolling out of a lamination machine. He punched a hole in it, affixed a neck cord, and slipped it over Gabrielle’s head. The plastic was still warm. The photo on the ID was the snapshot they had taken fifteen seconds earlier down the hall. Gabrielle was impressed. Who says government is inefficient? They continued, the Secret Serviceman leading her deeper into the White House complex. Gabrielle was feeling more uneasy with every step. Whoever had extended the mysterious invitation certainly was not concerned about keeping the meeting private. Gabrielle had been issued an official pass, signed the guest log, and was now being marched in plain view through the first floor of the White House where public tours were gathered. â€Å"And this is the China Room,† a tour guide was saying to a group of tourists, â€Å"home of Nancy Reagan’s $952 per setting red-rimmed china that sparked a debate over conspicuous consumption back in 1981.† The Secret Serviceman led Gabrielle past the tour toward a huge marble staircase, where another tour was ascending. â€Å"You are about to enter the thirty-two-hundred-square-foot East Room,† the guide was narrating, â€Å"where Abigail Adams once hung John Adams’s laundry. Then we will pass to the Red Room, where Dolley Madison liquored up visiting heads of state before James Madison negotiated with them.† How to cite Deception Point Page 34, Essay examples

Respiratory System Multiple Choice Questions Essay Example

Respiratory System: Multiple Choice Questions Paper Silvestri: Saunders Comprehensive Review for the [emailprotected] Examination, 4th Edition Chapter 48: Respiratory System Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A postoperative client with incisional pain complains to the nurse about completing respiratory exercises. The client is willing to do the deep breathing exercises but states that it hurts to cough. The nurse provides gentle encouragement and appropriate pain management to the client, knowing that coughing is needed to: Expel mucus from the airways. 2. Dilate the terminal bronchioles. 3. Provide for increased oxygen tension in the alveoli. We will write a custom essay sample on Respiratory System: Multiple Choice Questions specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Respiratory System: Multiple Choice Questions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Respiratory System: Multiple Choice Questions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 4. Exercise the muscles of respiration. ANS: 1 Rationale: Coughing is one of the protective reflexes. Its purpose is to move mucus that is in the airways upward toward the mouth and nose. Coughing is needed in the postoperative client to mobilize secretions and expel them from the airways. The other options do not accurately address the purpose of coughing in the postoperative client. Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, the purpose of coughing in a postoperative client. Recalling the effects of anesthesia on the respiratory system and the respiratory complications that can occur will direct you to option 1. Review the purposes of coughing if you had difficulty with this question. DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Application REF: Linton, A. , Maebius, N. (2007). Introduction to medical-surgical nursing (4th ed. ). Philadelphia: Saunders. 0B]: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity TOP: Content Area: Adult Health/Respiratory MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process/lmplementation 2. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is beginning oxygen therapy asks the nurse why the flow rate cannot be increased to more than 2 uminute. The nurse responds that this would be harmful because it could: 1 . lncrease the risk of pneumonia from drier air passages. 2. Be drying to nasal assages. 3. Decrease the clients oxygen-based respiratory drive. 4. Decrease the clients carbon dioxide-based respiratory drive. Rationale: Normally respiratory rate varies with the amount of carbon dioxide present in the blood. In clients with COPD this natural center becomes ineffective after exposure to high carbon dioxide levels for prolonged periods. Instead, the level of oxygen provides the respiratory stimulus. The client with COPD cannot increase oxygen levels independently because it could deplete the respiratory drive, leading to respiratory failure. Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the clients diagnosis and recall hat in clients with COPD, the level of oxygen provides the respiratory stimulus. This will direct you to option 3. Review the importance of oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions in the bloodstream if you had difficulty with this question. MSC: Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning 3. The chest x-ray report for a client states that the client has a left apical pneumothorax. The nurse would monitor the status of breath sounds in that area by placing the stethoscope: 1 . Posteriorly under the left scapula. 2. Just under the left clavicle. 3. ln the fifth intercostal space. 4. Near the lateral twelfth rib ANS: 2 Rationale: The apex of the lung is the rounded, uppermost part of the lung. To check breath sounds in a client with a left apical pneumothorax, the nurse would place the stethoscope Just under the left clavicle. The other options are incorrect. Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the strategic words left apical pneumothorax. This will assist in eliminating options 3 and 4. Next, use anatomical landmarks of the lungs to direct you to option 2 from the remaining options. Review data collection techniques for the respiratory system if you had difficulty with this question. MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Data Collection . A nurse is observing a nursing student listening to the breath sounds ofa client. The nurse intervenes if the student performs which incorrect procedure? 1 . Asks the client to sit upright. 2. Asks the client to breathe slowly and deeply through the mouth 3. Places the stethoscope on the clients gown 4. Uses the diaphragm of the stethoscope ANS: 3. Rationale: To listen to breath sounds, the stethoscope is always placed directly on the clients skin, and not over a gown or clothing. The nurse asks the client to sit up and breathe slowly and deeply through the mouth. Breath sounds are auscultated using he diaphragm of the stethoscope, which is warmed prior to use. Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic words incorrect procedure. Thinking about this data collection procedure and noting the words on the clients gown in option 3 will direct you to this option. Review the correct method for listening to breath sounds if you had difficulty with this question. DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Analysis ed. ). Philadelphia: Saunders. 0B]: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance TOP: Content Area: Adult Health/Respiratory 5. A nursing student prepares to instruct a client to expectorate a sample of putum that will be sent to the laboratory for Gram stain, culture, and sensitivity and describes the procedure to the licensed practical nurse (LPN), who is the primary nurse. The LPN corrects the student if which incorrect description is provided? will use a sterile container from the supply area. 2. l will send the specimen immediately to the laboratory. 3. l will ask the client to brush the teeth and rinse the mouth before expectorating. 4. I will have the client take a shallow breath before coughing. ANS: 4 Rationale: Because of the nature of the test, the sputum must be collected in a sterile not a clean) container. The client should brush the teeth and rinse the mouth to decrease the number of contaminating organisms. The client should take a few deep breaths, and then cough forcefully (not spit) into the container. The specimen should be sent directly to the laboratory. It should not be allowed to stand for long periods at room temperature to prevent overgrowth of contaminating organisms. Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic words incorrect description. These words indicate a negative event query and ask you to select the incorrect procedure for collecting the sputum sample. Noting the words shallow breath in option 4 will direct you to this option. Review the procedure for collecting a sputum sample if you had difficulty with this question. DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Comprehension 6. A nurse is caring for the client who is at risk for lung cancer due to an extremely long history of heavy cigarette smoking. The nurse tells the client to report which most trequent early symptom ot lung cancer? 1. Hoarseness. 2. Pleuritic pain. 3. Hemoptysis. 4. Nonproductive hacking cough. Rationale: Cough is the most frequent early symptom of lung cancer, which begins as onproductive and hacking, and progresses to productive. In the smoker who already has a cough, a change in the character and frequency of the cough usually occurs. Hoarseness and blood-streaked sputum are later signs. Pain is a very late sign and is usually pleuritic in nature. Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the strategic words most frequent early symptom. This will assist in eliminating options 2 and 3, which obviously are later signs. To select between cough and hoarseness, remember that hoarseness would indicate a problem with the larynx, whereas cough would indicate a lower airway problem. Review the common early signs of lung cancer if you had difficulty with this question. 7. A nurse is assisting in caring for a client with an endotracheal tube attached to a ventilator when the high-pressure alarm sounds. The nurse checks the client and system for which most likely cause? 1 . Disconnection from the ventilator. 2. Endotracheal tube cuff leak. 3. Loose connection in the system. 4. Accumulation of secretions in the clients lungs Rationale: When the high-pressure alarm sounds on a ventilator, it is most likely due to an obstruction. The obstruction can be caused by the client biting on the tube, inking of the tubing, or mucus in the lungs that requires suctioning. It is also important to assess the tubing for the presence of any water and determine if the client is out of rhythm with breathing with the ventilator. The incorrect options list items that may be responsible for a low-pressure alarm on the ventilator. Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic words high-pressure alarm in the question. Recall that the high-pressure alarm indicates a possible obstruction to help guide you to the correct option. Review the causes of the high-pressure alarm on a ventilator if you had difficulty with this question. A nurse is suctioning a client through an endotracheal tube. During the suctioning procedure, the nurse notes on the cardiac monitor that the heart rate has dropped 10 beats. The nurse should: 1. Stop the procedure and oxygenate the client. 2. Notify the registered nurse immediately. 3. Continue to suction the client at a quicker pace. 4. Ensure that the suction is limited to 15 seconds. Rationale: During suctioning the nurse should monitor the client closely for complications including hypoxemia, drop in heart rate due to vagal stimulation, mucosal trauma, hypotension, and paroxysmal coughing. If complications develop (especially cardiac irregularities), the nurse should stop the procedure and oxygenate the client. Test-Taking Strategy: Use the process of elimination, recalling that suction can cause cardiac rate or rhythm changes. Also use the ABCs†airway, breathing, and circulation†to guide you to the correct option. The correct option is the only one that protects the clients airway and breathing. If you had difficulty with this question, review the complications and interventions associated with suctioning procedure. 9. A client has a closed-chest tube drainage system in place. The fluid in the water seal chamber rises and falls during inspiration and expiration. The nurse interprets that: 1. The tube is patent. 2. The client is retaining airway secretions. 3. Hemothorax is not resolving. 4. Suction should be added to the system. Rationale: With normal breathing, the water level rises with inspiration and falls with expiration if the chest tube is patent. The system should not be affected by airway secretions, because the chest tube drains fluid in the pleural space. Options 3 and 4 are incorrect interpretations also. Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the data in the uestion. Recalling that the fluctuating water level in the water seal chamber is expected will assist in directing you to the correct option. Review chest tube drainage systems if you had difficulty with this question. MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Evaluation 10. A nurse is reviewing the record of a client with acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ) The nurse determines that which finding documented in the clients record is consistent with the most expected characteristic of this disorder? 1 . Arterial Pa02 of 48 2. Arterial Pa02 of 81 3. Respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute 4.Central cyanosis Rationale: The most characteristic sign of ARDS is increasing hypoxemia with a Pa02 of less than 60 mm Hg. This occurs despite increasing levels of oxygen that are administered to the client. The clients earliest sign is an increased respiratory rate. Breathing then becomes labored, and the client may exhibit air hunger, retractions, and peripheral cyanosis. Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the clients diagnosis. Recalling that increasing hypoxemia occurs in this disorder will direct you to option 1 . Review the characteristics of ARDS if you had difficulty with this question.

Rope-a-Dope and International Affairs

Rope-a-Dope and International Affairs Rope-a-Dope and International Affairs Rope-a-Dope and International Affairs By Maeve Maddox The other day I began listening to an interview between NPR’s Scott Simon and Dennis Ross, a member of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy. My attention was stopped cold by this sentence in Simon’s opening remarks: I apologize for using a sports analogy, but what about the chances that this might be the rope-a-dope strategy for Iran? I don’t know how I’ve managed to go so long without encountering this expression, but I hadn’t a clue as to what Simon meant by â€Å"the rope-a-dope strategy.† The expression originated in 1974 when the boxer Muhammad Ali introduced the tactic in his fight with George Foreman. Besides its use to describe a boxing maneuver, apparently the expression is commonly used in political writing. My only excuse for remaining ignorant of it for so long is that my interest in politics is on a par with my interest in sports. Neither the OED nor Merriam-Webster Unabridged has an entry for â€Å"rope-a-dope,† but I found this definition at the free online Oxford Dictionaries: rope-a-dope noun: (US informal) A boxing tactic of pretending to be trapped against the ropes, goading an opponent to throw tiring ineffective punches. The expression has been applied to the delaying tactics favored by Iran at least since 2006: Many fear that the Iranians are engaged in a game of â€Å"rope-a-dope,† absorbing our best efforts to stop their nuclear program while buying time to get themselves over the nuclear know-how threshold. –US Senate report, 2006 One problem with using sports analogies in general reporting is that not all readers are familiar with them. Another is that the writers who use the expressions may not use them to mean the same thing. And a third is that the more such an expression is used, the more the original meaning is likely to shift. These seem to be the most common interpretations of â€Å"the rope-a-dope strategy†: -provoking an opponent to energy-wasting rage -pretending to be weaker than one is -distracting an opponent from one’s true purpose -employing delaying tactics In the case of Iran, â€Å"rope-a-dope† equates to â€Å"delaying tactics†: delaying tactics: an action or strategy designed to defer or postpone something in order to gain an advantage for oneself. For the sake of sports-challenged listeners, Simon could have said, â€Å"What about the chances that this might be a delaying tactic on the part of Iran?† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Capitalize Animal and Plant Names"Latter," not "Ladder"10 Tips for Clean, Clear Writing

The Top 9 SAT Writing Strategies You Must Use

The Top 9 SAT Writing Strategies You Must Use SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Efficiency and organization are vitally important to successful SAT Writing preparation. If you don't have a good game plan for your preparation, you're likely to waste time on things that may not be helping you improve your SAT Writing score. Implementing specific, proven strategies during your SAT Writing prep will allow you to make the best use of your time and fully prepare yourself for the SAT Writing section. In this post, I will share with you my top 9 strategies for SAT Writing. These aren’t strategies you’ll be able to use if you try to employ them the night before the test. They needto be implemented over time to be effective. The strategies are: Learn the Rules Study Example Questions Practice withOfficial Tests Know What's in Each Section Explain Your Reasoning Focus on Your Target Score Simulate Test Day Conditions Use What's Underlined to Determine Your Approach Look for the Most Common Errors First SAT Writing Study Strategies The first section of strategies I'm giving you are study strategies. These are strategies you should use and focus on while you're studying for the SAT Writing section. #1: Learn the Grammar Rules The SAT tests the same grammar rules over and over. Understandingthese rules isthe best strategy for success on SAT Writing. Focus on studying the grammar rules that are tested most often.Some of the more commonly tested grammar rules on SAT Writing are wordiness, subject-verb agreement, and pronoun agreement. For further details on which topics the SAT often test, check out this post on the distribution of questionson the SAT writing section (coming soon). On the PrepScholar blog, we've written articles on each grammar rule that is tested on the SAT Writing section. Here are links to each of them: Subject-Verb Agreement Pronoun Agreement Pronoun Case Idioms Word Choice/Diction Wordiness and Redundancy Run-On Sentences and Fragments Parallelism Faulty Modifiers Adjective and Adverb Errors Verb Tense and Forms Illogical Comparisons Relative Pronouns #2: Review Examples of Questions Related to Each Grammar Rule That is Tested on SAT Writing It's not enough to know the grammar rules. You have to understand how the SAT Writing section will test you on these grammar rules. There is no better way to do this than to review examples of questions from real SATs. You should categorize the questions based on the grammar rule that is being tested. For example, you should have a collection of subject-verb agreement questions and pronoun agreement questions to study from. Make sure you understand how to correctly answer each question. Every PrepScholar article on each grammar rule has real example questions and explanations. If necessary, take practice tests with explanations to help categorize questions. The College Board website has a free test with explanations and Khan Academy has video explanations to some of those questions. Also, you can get explanations to the questions from The Official SAT Study Guide from the College Board website with a code from the inside of the book. Because there are 10 official practice tests in this book, you'll have access to explanations to a ton of real SAT questions. Review tons of example SAT Writing questions. #3: Focus on Using Real Practice Tests for Your Studying The best practice problems are those that come from offical SATs. They are most representative of what you're likely to encounter on your SAT. Unfortunately, many of the sources of SAT Writing prep available aren't very good. Their practice questions cover different concepts or are presented in a different format than those on the SAT Writing test. Many test prep books or websites have practice questions that are either much harder or much easier than the questions on the SAT Writing section. Make sure you know where to find the best SAT Writing practice tests. For those of you looking for additional content review and explanation, I advise looking at our posts on the best SAT prep books and websites. Also, I may be biased, but I highly recommend the PrepScholar program. PrepScholar practice questions are designed to be realistic and are based on questions from official SATs. The content of the PrepScholar program was written by experts who have extensive experience teaching SAT prep and scored in the 99th percentile on their SATs. #4: Know the Structure of and Material in Each Subsection While each subsection generally tests the same set of grammar rules, there are a few rules that are more commonly or exclusively tested in each subsection. For example, wordiness questions will generally be found in the improving sentences subsection and adverb questions tend to be found in the identify the error subsection. To add to the confusion, there are paragraph improvement questions that are unrelated to the grammar rules tested on the sentence improvement and identify the error subsections. For a thorough breakdown of the content in each subsection, review the big secret to SAT Writing. Furthermore, the process to get correct answers varies for each subsection. You need a different approach to spot the error on a Identifying Sentence Errors question than you do to determine how to combine two sentences on an Improvin paragraphs one. To learn more about how to correctly answer questions in each individual subsection, read about the strategies for sentence improvement, the strategies for identifying sentence errors, and how to tackle paragraph improvement. #5: Be Able to Explain How and Why You Select Your Answers When answering SAT Writing questions, don't be content with just trying to guess at theright answer. You should be able to explain exactly how you arrived at each correct response. In my SAT Writing prep classes, I make students explain their answers, and this method of instruction has been very successful. If you can not only pick a correct answer, but also specifically explain the process by which you arrived at your answer, you're exhibiting a more thorough mastery of the material and will be more likely to get similar questions right in the future. For each SAT Writing question, justify your answer with your knowledge of grammar rules as opposed to using the what sounds right approach. Trying to rely on what sounds right often doesn't work on the SAT Writing section because the SAT tries to trick you with long, awkward-sounding sentences and grammar errors that may not sound wrong to you because they're extremely common. Another related approach I recommend is to try to teach your friends how to answer questions that they're missing. Teaching others will undoubtedly solidify your understanding and make you more confident with the material. If you can clearly walk somebody else through the steps to correctly answer SAT Writing questions, you're demonstrating true SAT Writing expertise. #6: Use Your Target Score to Focus and Inform Your Studying Knowing your SAT Writing target score can give you a better idea of how and what to study. Here's how to determine your SAT Writing target score: Use your overall SAT target score and then determine target scores for each section by dividing your overall score by 3. If you're stronger in Reading and Writing or applying to a humanities program, your Reading and Writing target scores can be about 50 points higher than your Math target score. If you excel in math or you're applying to an engineering program, your Math target score can be about 50 points higher than your Reading and Writing targets. Based on your SAT Writing target score, you can determine roughly how manyquestions you can need to getright and how many you can missto reach your goal. Refer to this article for information on how the SAT is scored and a sample conversion table for the SAT Writing section. If your target score is an 800, you usually have to get every single multiple choice question right; you might be able to omit one question if you get an 11 or 12 on your essay. Therefore, you need to be familiar with all of the grammar rules and know how to correctly answer even the hardest questions. If your target score is a 600, on the other hand, you should focus on mastering the most commonly tested rules and primarily worry about getting the easy and medium level questions right. If you get an essay score of 8, you only need a raw score of about 37 out of a possible 49 on the multiple choice questions to get a 600. You should work toward reaching your target score on at least one official practice test before you take your actual SAT. Yes, you most definitely should take full-length SATs in preparation for your test. #7: Simulate Test Day Conditions on Practice Tests Taking the SAT can be a mentally draining, pressure-filled experience. To alleviate your test day anxiety and build up your endurance, you should take 3 full length, timed practice tests prior to your real SAT. Use a timer and take only the SAT-allowed breaks. It's important to practice maintaing focus for such a long period of time. Also, taking practice tests will enable you to determine if you're having issues with time management. If you are running out of time on any of the SAT Writing sections, monitor your time spent per question when you're doing practice questions. You should spend less than a minute on each question and easier questions should take less than 30 seconds. If you're finishing sections with more than 5 minutes left and getting more than a couple of questions wrong, slow down. You're probably rushing. Read questions more carefully and look at the answer choices more closely. With the time you have left over, review the questions you're unsure about. If you follow the straightforward study strategies I explained above, you'll be well on your way to SAT Writing sucess. Test-Taking SAT Writing Strategies The following test-taking strategies are tools you should use when you're answering SAT Writing questions. You should make a habit of utilizing these methods for each SAT Writing question, since they'll be more effecitve if your'e comfortable with them. #8: Look for Specific Errors Based on the Parts of Speech That Are Underlined Because the grammar questions test you on a limited number of grammar rules, the underlined portion can immediately signal the possible grammar rules that are being tested. Many of the SAT Writing grammar rules are associated with a specific part of speech, and most of these errors are associated with only a few different parts of speech. By determining the parts of speech of the words in the underlined phrase, you will have a better idea of what errors to look for. Here are the grammar errors that are associated with specific parts of speech. If this part of speech is underlined, these are the grammar errors to look for: Verb- Subject-verb agreement, verb tense or form Pronoun- pronoun agreement, pronoun case, relative pronouns Gerund- fragment, wordiness, idioms, parallelism, misplaced modifiers Prepositions-idioms, word pairs Nouns-illogical comparisons, noun agreement Adverb/Adjective- Correct modifier type, comparative/superlative Conjunction- Parallelism, illogical comparisons, word pairs, fragments #9: Look for the Most Common Errors First Use your knowledge of the basic distribution of grammar rules on SAT Writing to help determine which errors to look for first on SAT Writing questions. Some of the more commonly tested rules are wordiness, pronoun agreement, run-ons/fragments, and subject-verb agreement. Remember to review the post on the distribution of appearance of the grammar rules on the SAT (coming soon). If you possess the discipline and commitment to implement these 9 strategies, I am confident that you'll reap the benefits when you get your SAT scores. You will be proud that you took the necessary steps to reach your goal, and you'll make yourself more competitive for admission to the college of your dreams. What's Next? Review my tips to boost your SAT Writing score and the best way to prepare for SAT Writing. For more information on how to reach your target score, read the articles on how to improve your SAT Writing score and how to get an 800 on SAT Writing. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Writing and grammar lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Introduction to Communication-Cultural Sensitivity Coursework

Introduction to Communication-Cultural Sensitivity - Coursework Example President Franklin Delano Roosevelt had seen the need for people to live together in peace despite their differences and accept cultural diversity by advocating for â€Å"the science of human relationships.† This brief paper examines the value of cultural knowledge in fostering peace and goodwill. Discussion – the cultural theory of sociology and anthropology states that culture is the sum total of the way of life of a group of people; the individual inherits the social legacy of this group and is profoundly influenced by this cumulative legacy of experiences of prior generations (Kluckhohn 1985). This legacy consists of the beliefs, values, and norms of the particular group and it may be hard or difficult for a person to deviate from this upbringing by doing something else which contradicts the wishes of the group to which he or she belongs. A clear understanding of this premise is necessary to connect with this individual through interpersonal communication. The anecdote I am narrating here is about a new kid who emigrated from the Far East. He hails from Japan and is distinctively Japanese in his manner of speaking, dress, and behavior. However, he also speaks excellent English as he had been privately tutored while still in Japan as his parents were from the middle-class and could afford a tutor for a foreign language lesson. He seems friendly, outgoing, fun-loving, inquisitive, intelligent, and highly sensitive too. People from the Far East countries of China, Japan, Korea, and to a large extent also in other countries where Confucian values are prominent including Vietnam, Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand have a humble and deferential attitude towards other people, especially of elders. In this regard, I knew my new neighborhood friend will always defer to the wishes of his parents. It is inconceivable or unthinkable for him to go against their wishes, unlike most of American kids who instead value personal freedom and individuality to